Risk Assessment with Relation to Falls in the Home in the Elderly Popul

This task will concentrate on the issue of Risk Assessment with connection to falls in the home in the old populace. It will talk about the connection between the network human services group and the singular customer, the administration arrangements identified with the theme, and the impacts of wellbeing arrangement upon the arrangement of network care. The job of the network nurture in general wellbeing training and advancement will likewise be investigated. The customer, in this specific example, is Mrs Pugh. She is an 84-year-old female who lives alone since her better half's passing 3 years prior. Mrs Pugh has a past clinical history of 'unexplained falls'. Her clinical records likewise feature the reality she is experiencing osteoporosis and joint inflammation. Mrs Pugh has as of late been released home from medical clinic following careful fix of a broke tibia and fibula, the aftereffect of another 'unexplained fall' at home. Mrs Pugh has a carer who comes in every day to help with cleanliness, helping Mrs Pugh have a shower every day; she likewise underpins Mrs Pugh with general household undertakings. Emphasize that the pair of them have built up a generally excellent relationship. Mrs Pugh has consistently been a savagely free woman and doesn't warmly embrace any, as she puts it, obstruction in her own life. Nonetheless, the relationship she has with her carer is critical to her. Wellbeing advancement depends on hypotheses about what impacts people groups' wellbeing and afterward what comprises a successful intercession or methodology to improve wellbeing (Naidoo and Wills 1999). These speculations depend on inquire about. Research might be characterized as 'any deliberate data gathering activi... ... absolutely unessential to them can prompt time squandering and dissatisfaction (Spicer 1982b). The customers' capacity to learn should then be found out, the medical attendant must move toward the customer in a way proper to the customer, utilizing language the customer will comprehend. At long last, the medical caretaker ought to evaluate the customers' availability to learn. Luker and Caress (1989) underline that the physical and mental results of sick wellbeing can influence the learning procedure. The customer's carer and family will likewise require data, instruction and support from the medical attendant to empower them to give the proper support for the customer. The medical caretaker may likewise need to make referrals to partners, for example, the word related specialist; so all the data ought to be accessible to other wellbeing experts who might be included in the customers' consideration.

Body language Essay

Motions a case of a motion would be an approval to allude to all around done. I attempted to utilize hand signal to assist the ladies with understanding what I was saying. Body language †non-verbal communication is an expansive term for types of correspondence utilizing body developments or motions rather than, or notwithstanding, sounds, verbal language, or different types of correspondence. It frames some portion of the class of paralanguage, which depicts all types of human correspondence that are not verbal language. This incorporates the most unpretentious of developments that numerous individuals don't know about, including winking and slight development of the eyebrows. I attempted to adjust to Egan hypothesis of SOLER by inclining forward to show that I was intrigued. Tuning in the event that we are not talking we are tuning in to what others are stating and attempting to comprehend there sees our non-verbal communication can advise in the event that we are tuning in to a people at whatever point anyone was talking I would lean forward to shows that I am intrigued. Since it was a gathering cooperations I needed to allow others to talk and t hear their point of view acrossâ * Expression-outward appearance can send extremely complex message that can be perused without any problem. I attempted to utilize a decent outward appearance to cause her to feel great and invited. Eye to eye connection †Eye contact is the occasion when two individuals take a gander at each other’s eyes simultaneously. I kept great eye to eye connection with her to show that I was really tuning in and with different individuals from the group One 2 one †multi year old boy Verbal- Tone/Pitch †its what we state, yet the manner in which we state it. If we somehow happened to talk quick in an uproarious voice with a fixed voice tone,â people may imagine that we are irate and yelling. I didn't yell at the multi year old kid and I work out a tone and contribute which he could hear unmistakably. Slang’s and languages I didn't utilize slang in my tongue. This is on the grounds that slang is generally connected with youngsters and furthermore he may not comprehend what I was saying Pace †the pace is the speed where I talk. I can talk quick and I can talk moderate. Since he is a child I needed to talk moderate with the goal that she can understand Non verbal Gestures-a case of a signal would be an approval to allude to all around done. I attempted to utilize hand signal to assist the kid with understanding what I was stating and furthermore utilized hand motion when I needed to take the kid to the latrine I needed to hold his hands. Non-verbal communication - . This incorporates the most unpretentious of developments that numerous individuals don't know about, including winking and slight development of the eyebrows. I attempted to adjust to Egan hypothesis of SOLER by inclining forward to show that I was intrigued. I didn't remain over him Listening-on the off chance that we are not talking we are tuning in to what others are stating and attempting to comprehend there sees our non-verbal communication can advise on the off chance that we are tuning in to a people at whatever point anyone was talking I would lean forward to shows that I am intrigued. Since it was a gathering associations I needed to allow others to talk and t hear their point of view over. Demeanor outward appearance can send exceptionally complex message that can be perused without any problem. I attempted to utilize a decent outward appearance to cause him to feel good and invited by grinning a lot. Eye contact †Eye contact is the occasion when two individuals take a gander at each other’s eyes simultaneously. I kept great eye to eye connection with him to show that I was really tuning in to him. The care esteem base is significant. The consideration esteem base is utilized broadly in the field of wellbeing , social consideration and early years. The consideration esteem base is utilized to depict a lot of rules that were believed to be applicable to the wellbeing and social consideration specialists. The consideration esteem base can be utilized as an ethnical manual for dynamic and practice in wellbeing, social consideration and early years setting. The consideration esteem base is utilized to be sure that care works or professionals are not separat ing, being harsh, or giving poor consideration to their patients or administration clients The consideration esteem base spreads five primary areas:â 1. Advancing enemy of unfair practiceâ 2. Looking after confidentialityâ 3. Advancing and supporting individuals’ rights and respectâ 4. Recognizing individuals’ individual convictions and identitiesâ 5. Advancing successful communication The care esteem base can shape some portion of a set of accepted rules, or an expert code of morals for anybody working in a mindful calling. The vehicle esteem base has gotten progressively significant because of the reality the nation has become increasingly multicultural and ethnically various. Likewise there more individuals with inability. Laws have been passed which deny separation on the grounds of race, religion, sex, sexual direction, age, incapacity and so on is hence fundamental that individuals don't feel oppressed when they are utilizing care administrations.

Sublimation in Behavioral Psychology

Sublimation in Behavioral Psychology Basics Print Sublimation in Behavioral Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on January 15, 2020 Bettman / Getty Images More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming We all experience unwanted impulses or urges from time to time. How we deal with those feelings, however, can mean the difference between acceptable or unacceptable behaviors. Acting on these urges in the wrong way can be inappropriate, so finding ways to deal with such desires is critical. One way that people deal with such urges through a process that is known in psychology as sublimation. Through sublimation, people are able to transform unwanted impulses into something that is less harmful and often even helpful. How Does Sublimation Work? Consider what might happen if you find yourself overcome with anger. Having an emotional blow-up is one way of dealing with such feelings. But such expressions of emotion can be harmful in more ways than one. You might find yourself with damaged relationships and a reputation as a hothead. Rather than fly off in a fit of rage, what if you channeled those angry emotions into some type of physical activity, such as cleaning your house? You might spend a few hours angrily scrubbing down your kitchen and bathrooms. Once your feelings of frustration eventually subside, you are left with a positive resultâ€"a sparkling clean house. This is one example of how sublimation can transform negative impulses into behaviors that are less damaging and even productive. Sublimation in Psychoanalysis The concept of sublimation plays an important role in Sigmund Freuds psychoanalytic theory. Sublimation is a type of defense mechanism, an unconscious psychological defense that reduces the anxiety that might result from unacceptable urges or harmful stimuli.?? According to Freuds psychoanalytic theory, there are three components of personality. The id is the first to form and serves as the source of the libido or the energy that drives behavior. The id is primitive and basic, composed of all the urges and desires that are often socially unacceptable if we simply acted upon them whenever we pleased. The ego emerges later during childhood and is the part of the personality that reigns in the id and makes it conform to the demands of reality. Rather than simply acting out on urges, the ego forces us to deal with these desires in ways that are more realistic. Finally, the superego is the component of personality that is made up of all the morals, rules, standards, and values that we have internalized from our parents and culture. This part of personality strives to make us behave in ways that are moral. The ego must then mediate between the primal urges of the id, the moralistic standards of the superego, and the realistic demands of reality. Sublimation is one of these ways that the ego reduces the anxiety that can be created by unacceptable urges or feelings. Sublimation works by channeling negative and unacceptable impulses into behaviors that are positive and socially acceptable. Freud considered sublimation a sign of maturity that allows people to behave in civilized and acceptable ways. This process can lead people to pursue activities that are better for their health or engage in behaviors that are positive, productive, and creative.?? Freuds idea of sublimation originated while he was reading the story of a man who tortured animals as a child and later went on to become a surgeon. Freud believed that the same energy that once drove the childs sadism was eventually sublimated into positive and socially acceptable actions that benefited others. Examples of Sublimation Participation in sports and athletic competition can sometimes be examples of sublimation in action. Rather than acting on unacceptable urges to fight with others, people may play competitive sports in order to dominate and win. This can also extend to exercise activity as well. Imagine that you get in an argument with your next-door neighbor. Your feelings of anger might create an urge to physically strike out at the neighbor. Because such action is inappropriate, you might deal with your feelings of frustration by going for a jog. Through sublimation, you are able to turn your unwanted impulses into an action that dissipates your anger and benefits your own physical health.?? Some other examples of sublimation in the real world:  You feel an urge to be unfaithful to your partner. Rather than act on these unacceptable urges, you channel your feelings into doing projects around the yard.You become distraught at the end of a relationship. In order to deal with these negative emotions, you begin writing poetry. You are able to transfer your heartbreak and emotional upset into a creative activity.You are reprimanded by your manager at work. You feel fearful that you might lose your job, but you decide to walk home from work in order to think and release your frustrations. This activity not only gives you time to cool off and reflect; it also benefits your physical health.You have an almost obsessive need to have control over even the smallest details in your life. You sublimate this energy into becoming a successful business owner and leader. Research on Sublimation In a 2013 study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researchers looked at whether Protestants were more likely to sublimate taboo feelings into creative endeavors. They found that individuals who experienced sexual problems related to anxieties over taboo desires were more likely to also have greater creative accomplishments than those who reported no sexual problems or those with sexual problems unrelated to taboo feelings. The researchers suggest that their studies represent possibly the first experimental evidence for sublimation and suggest a cultural psychological approach to defense mechanisms.?? How Can Sublimation Influence Your Life So what role might the process of sublimation have in your life? As Freud suggested, sublimation is usually considered a healthy and mature way of dealing with urges that may be undesirable or unacceptable. Rather than act out in ways that may cause us or others harm, sublimation allows us to channel that energy into things that are beneficial. This defense mechanism can actually end up having a positive effect on your health and wellness. It is important to remember that sublimation is not always obvious because it operates at a subconscious level. While we sometimes might be able to see how our negative feelings can drive us to act in certain ways, we are often very much unaware of such things. We may be even less aware of the underlying defense mechanisms that are at work. There also may not be a direct correlation between the cause of the negative emotion and the behavior that results from sublimation. While are earlier examples showed anger being sublimated into physical action, such feelings could result in a variety of behaviors. Frustration and anger might lead to a person engaging in a relaxing hobby such as fishing or painting, for example.?? A Word From Verywell Sublimation can be a powerful influence on behavior, although one of which we are largely unaware. Even though this defense mechanism may operate on a subconscious level, you can take inspiration from it by intentionally finding ways to substitute more healthy and productive behaviors for harmful ones.

Gender and Crime Essay - 946 Words

Gender and Crime Sex is commonly used to describe the innate biological characteristics of humans constituting their femaleness or maleness. Gender on the other hand, covers the social characteristics and usages associated with one sex or the other. Since such roles and customs can vary and be modified it follows that masculine and feminine the terms applied to the respective genders are much more flexible than female and male. In order to cover the subject of gender and crime it is important to explain its prehistory and standing as well as addressing the extensive material which appeared in the modern†¦show more content†¦These studies suggest a correlation between changing perceptions of women by bodies who enforce the criminal law and the increase in recorded female crime. Thirty years ago women were less likely to be suspected of crime, when suspected they were less likely to be change and prosecuted and finally, when prosecuted they were less likely to be convicted than they are today. Today they are more generally seen as being equally capable of committing both legitimate and illegitimate activities . in other words belief in the constitutional idea that women are somehow, physically or psychologically incapable or unlikely to be criminal is weakening . this is reflected in the more than proportionate increase in the number of women in prison. And most of types of crime committed by women are also committed by men and to a large extent both sexes live in the same environment and are subject to the same types of peer group pressures and effects on upbringing. There are a number of different strands of feminism each of which has impacted on criminology in different ways. Liberal feminism views women as an equal part of society. It centers on rights and non-discrimination. Criminology much of the work of this group has been associated with a study of the discriminatory practices of the criminal justice system,Show MoreRelatedRape, And Gender Crimes2220 Words   |  9 PagesA study of the Complexities in Exploring and mitigating â€Å"Rape† and gender crimes in India Introduction The chief contention of this project is that rape as a sexual and gender crime against women is a manifestation of the forces and sociological structures that are much less obvious than any literature on criminal jurisprudence on the subject of ‘rape’ and sexual crimes will suggest. Hence this necessitates a deep study and literature review of all dimensions that explain the institutional structuresRead MoreMedi Gender And Crime1771 Words   |  8 PagesMedia Gender and Crime GENDER AND JUSTICE  ​Over the many years media has had a tremendous impact on society. Media has been responsible for shaping the culture for generations through music, movies and television. It seems logical that since the media has an influence on society’s norms when the media promotes violence and crime the audiences become more likely to imitate those behaviors. The media has been known to contribute to the violent culture through music, art, television and movies (actionRead MoreClass, Race, Gender And Crime3006 Words   |  13 Pagesand how it is linked to issues such as class, race, gender and crime. Secondly, it will discuss why intersectionality is important to understand crime and justice. In order to understand the relationship between intersectionality and crime, a particular issue will be reviewed from the crime and delinquency issues of 2014. Out of the 52 articles, this paper will first look at the number of titles and abstracts that discuses race, class, gender or othe r social inequalities. Lastly, out of the 52Read MoreThe Invisible Women : Gender, Crime And Justice1432 Words   |  6 Pages In history women and girls’ experiences as offenders and victims have been left out of criminal studies. According to Joanne Belknap, Author of The Invisible Women: Gender, Crime and Justice, many theories before the 21st century state that women offenders are only deviant in criminal behavior due to a result of biological forces. Stereotypical theories such as Anatomy as Destiny (Sigmund Freud), The Unadjusted Girl (Thomas), Behind the Mask (Pollack), are all early 1800 stereotypical maleRead MoreSexual Violence And Gender Based Crimes1877 Words   |  8 PagesCriminal Court must adopt concerning sexual violence and gender-based crimes. The focus of the research is on the second situation in the Central African Republic, being currently investigated by the Court, because of its practicality since it is a conflict in which sexual violence h as played an essential role. The author suggests that the origin of sexual violence is of the utmost importance when deciding to investigate and prosecute these crimes. The role of patriarchal structures within the CentralRead MoreGender And The Fear Of Crime. Through Articles Published914 Words   |  4 PagesGender and the fear of crime Through articles published it is noted that young males are more likely to be victims of crime, it is women who are more likely to report fear of crime. While the articles used in this research agree that women are more fearful of crime than men, men may have several reasons why they are reluctant to seem to be fearful of crime. (Sutton, 2004). For example, the reluctance to report could be the fear of further victimisation from authorities (police), by going over theRead MoreEssay on Gender in The Crime Drama Fiction Genre1765 Words   |  8 Pagesthe world of CharlieÊ ¼s Angels [...] women could be empowered through immersing themselves in the world of consumerism – commodity consumption allowing for a performance of femininity that could deceive and evade the exercise of dominant pattern of gender relations.† This also emphasises the three detectivesÊ ¼ skills in the arts of masquerade in classic feminine outfits but with masculine action scenes. M. E Brown (1987) stated that women in action series are often portrayed as professionals. The menRead MoreThe Gender Differences in Particular Types of Crime Essay examples1198 Words   |  5 Pagesto explain gender differences in particular types of crime. I intend to do this by using various books and the Internet to briefly explore burglary, prostitution and crime related to a violent nature. I also wish to include any graphs or statistics I may find of interest and relevance to this essay. It has been stated that the differences between men and women, and their upbringing, has greatly influenced the crimes they commit and whether they commit crimes at all. IRead MoreThe Influence of Defendant Gender and Crime Types towards Juror Decisions981 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION The influence of defendant gender and crime types towards juror decisions. Jury trials play a centrally important role in the law, therefore it is crucial for the juror to stay neutral in making decision. However, several research shows that stereotyping is one of the most debatable issues related to juries’ decision (Bornstein Greene, 2011). In refer to Bornstein and Greene (2011), the stereotype that females and males generally labelled in specific crime be likely to be true in the largestRead MoreThe Relationship Between Gender, Age, Area, And Peoples Fear Of Crime1538 Words   |  7 PagesThe Central Research Question (CRQ), â€Å"What is the relationship between gender, age, area, and people’s fear of crime?† was created with the intention to get a more refined answer to the whole of the research by involving four concepts. However this was changed to â€Å"Are older people more worried of walking alone in the dark?† this was then compared against the two genders to get more detailed answer. This report aims to explain how the CRQ was answered. It will also critically analyse four pieces

Divorce and Its Impact on Cpuples and Children Essay

The term divorce is a legal term that denotes the separation of two individuals in a legal manner that was once connected to each other as a result of marriage. Divorce can be a lifetime separation between couples and can even be a limited time separation between couples. Recently, the world has witnessed a surge in the number of divorces taking place and the occurrence of this event is even at its peak in the United States. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported during the period of 2011, that out of every 1000 individuals, almost 3.6 individuals have experienced divorce (cdc.gov, 2013). Divorce does not only impact the couples who are being separated, it even impacts the children of the couples. Much emphasis has been†¦show more content†¦Divorces mostly occur as a result of thrifts between the couples and due to this their psychological wellbeing is hampered and when psychological wellbeing of individuals is compromised, it is more likely that the couples fail to focus on their work which may result in financial issues. Divorce may mitigate these psychological issues and the couples may be able to focus on their work in a better manner and this may eventually result in better financial rewards attained from high performance. It is not necessary that children are always negatively impacted by a divorce. Divorce as stated again and again mostly occur due to frugalities between parents and these frugalities may result in domestic abuse or domestic violence experienced by children. A divorce resulting due to case of domestic violence may favorably impact the children, since children may be able to avoid these abuses. Secondly when parents are involved in fighting with each other, they tend to give up on their bonding with their children. Divorces can be a solution, as well as bonding between parents and children may increase as a result of divorce because after a divorce parents will have more time to spend with their children instead of fighting with each other. Although, couples take the option of divorce after their dissatisfaction with their marriage but divorces impact both the

Divorce and Its Impact on Cpuples and Children Essay

The term divorce is a legal term that denotes the separation of two individuals in a legal manner that was once connected to each other as a result of marriage. Divorce can be a lifetime separation between couples and can even be a limited time separation between couples. Recently, the world has witnessed a surge in the number of divorces taking place and the occurrence of this event is even at its peak in the United States. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported during the period of 2011, that out of every 1000 individuals, almost 3.6 individuals have experienced divorce (cdc.gov, 2013). Divorce does not only impact the couples who are being separated, it even impacts the children of the couples. Much emphasis has been†¦show more content†¦Divorces mostly occur as a result of thrifts between the couples and due to this their psychological wellbeing is hampered and when psychological wellbeing of individuals is compromised, it is more likely that the couples fail to focus on their work which may result in financial issues. Divorce may mitigate these psychological issues and the couples may be able to focus on their work in a better manner and this may eventually result in better financial rewards attained from high performance. It is not necessary that children are always negatively impacted by a divorce. Divorce as stated again and again mostly occur due to frugalities between parents and these frugalities may result in domestic abuse or domestic violence experienced by children. A divorce resulting due to case of domestic violence may favorably impact the children, since children may be able to avoid these abuses. Secondly when parents are involved in fighting with each other, they tend to give up on their bonding with their children. Divorces can be a solution, as well as bonding between parents and children may increase as a result of divorce because after a divorce parents will have more time to spend with their children instead of fighting with each other. Although, couples take the option of divorce after their dissatisfaction with their marriage but divorces impact both the

Divorce and Its Impact on Cpuples and Children Essay

The term divorce is a legal term that denotes the separation of two individuals in a legal manner that was once connected to each other as a result of marriage. Divorce can be a lifetime separation between couples and can even be a limited time separation between couples. Recently, the world has witnessed a surge in the number of divorces taking place and the occurrence of this event is even at its peak in the United States. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported during the period of 2011, that out of every 1000 individuals, almost 3.6 individuals have experienced divorce (cdc.gov, 2013). Divorce does not only impact the couples who are being separated, it even impacts the children of the couples. Much emphasis has been†¦show more content†¦Divorces mostly occur as a result of thrifts between the couples and due to this their psychological wellbeing is hampered and when psychological wellbeing of individuals is compromised, it is more likely that the couples fail to focus on their work which may result in financial issues. Divorce may mitigate these psychological issues and the couples may be able to focus on their work in a better manner and this may eventually result in better financial rewards attained from high performance. It is not necessary that children are always negatively impacted by a divorce. Divorce as stated again and again mostly occur due to frugalities between parents and these frugalities may result in domestic abuse or domestic violence experienced by children. A divorce resulting due to case of domestic violence may favorably impact the children, since children may be able to avoid these abuses. Secondly when parents are involved in fighting with each other, they tend to give up on their bonding with their children. Divorces can be a solution, as well as bonding between parents and children may increase as a result of divorce because after a divorce parents will have more time to spend with their children instead of fighting with each other. Although, couples take the option of divorce after their dissatisfaction with their marriage but divorces impact both the

Manual Website Constructor Free Essays

The search box allows finding certain web-pages by determining the search domain (search In the language version set or In all the versions). Search box Search parameters 4. Main menu The main menu consists of five points: Web-pages. We will write a custom essay sample on Manual Website Constructor or any similar topic only for you Order Now Use this point for editing and removing the web-pages of the affiliate website. Add Page. In this section you can create a new web-page, fill it with certain content in the easily understandable panel (the panel enables you to add links, handle the text, upload images etc. ). You can also include the following metabolism for a new web-page: title, keywords, description. Edit Menu. In this section the structure of the website menu can be altered. It serves to add/tilted/remove the menu points. Manage Templates. This section allows managing the website templates (the part of the website page comprising side and bottom menu as well as headings). Furthermore, here you can add/remove links to/ trot the side menu on boot sides trot the text and also change Copyright Design. With the help of this section you can choose any scheme elaborated by our team and change the font. 4. 1 Web-pages For a web-page to be reflected in a certain language, it is necessary to select the language. 4. 1. Remove web-page In order to delete a web-page, please press the button. 4. 1. 2 Edit Page 4. 1. 2. 1 Edit web-page content In order to move to a page editing mode, you need to click the corresponding button. Once you did it, you will see the window of web-page editing. Editing a page is facilitated by the editing tools. Remove the content Save Page layout templates Preview Crop Paste as plain text Copy Paste Paste from Word Print Full text search Undo Redo Insert Checkbook Insert Irradiation Insert text field Insert Select Insert Image Button Insert hidden field Replace text Remove format Mark all Insert form Spell check Insert Text area Insert button Page break Insert symbol Insert SMS e Bold Italics Underline Crossed font Subscript Superscript Billeted list Increase space Decrease space Quotation marks Centered Left-justified liquefied Insert link Insert image Insert flash Insert table Insert horizontal line Show blocks Scale editing window up/down Right-justified Remove link Insert anchor Text color Fill color Numbered list Text style Text format Diva container Font Font size 4. 1. 2. Edit metadata While editing a web-page, metadata (title, keywords, description) can be input. Press the Modify button to save the changes you made. 4. 2 Add Page This window contains the abovementioned panel of editing a page, the field for entering the file name and that for choosing its language version. 4. 3 Edit Menu In this section you need to choose a language version of the menu being edited. 4. 3. 1 Add new element 1) Choose the section tot the menu which you mean to ad ad link to 2) Choose the pr eferred level of the link. ) Enter the name of the link (not less than 3 symbols). 4) Enter the link (Latin letters only). 5) Press the Add button to include the new link to the menu. 4. 3. 2 Edit/remove element In order to delete a certain element, you need to press the Remove button. For editing a menu element after all the necessary modifications were made to the corresponding fields of the element (name and link) press the Change button. 4. 4 Manage Templates The menu of the section consists of three points: 4. 4. Add Link With the help of this section you can add a link in the left or right menu of the main website template. 4. 4. 2 Delete Link In order to remove a link from the main template you need to choose the template field (left or right menu), templates in which you would like to make removal and then Reese the Show links button. After you took all the above-mentioned steps there will appear a list of links of the templates chosen. For removing a certain link, please ti ck the checkbook corresponding to this particular link and press the Delete links from Main Templates 4. . 3 Change Copyright Changing Copyright requires choosing template(s) from the list, entering a new one in the corresponding slot and clicking the Change Copyright button. 4. 5 Design The menu of this section comprises two points: 4. 5. 1 Edit default design In order to change the website design one of the provided templates is to be chosen ND appropriate button to be clicked. You can zoom the design patterns to have a more thorough look on them by clicking on the corresponding image. List the zoomed patterns by clicking the arrow appearing at moving the mouse pointer in the lower right/left corner of the screen. 452 Edit detail ton In this section you can change default font and its size. To do it, choose the corresponding values and click the Edit default font button. 5. FAQ 5. 1 How to place an image? In order to place an image on a web-page, you need to visit the Web-pages section, choose a preferred language and start editing the page (see Edit web-page content section). Place the mouse pointer in the area where you would like to insert an image. Find the Insert image option on the toolbar of web-page editing. You can either upload it or enter a link to it. In order to place an image using the link, visit the Image info section. Enter the link to the image In the URL field, you can also input the text which will be displayed in case of the image being unavailable in the Alternative Text slot. The image will be shown in the Preview field. You can also set the following image parameters: Width Height Boded – framing of he image (1 Hospice – horizontal spacing Peace – vertical spacing Align Click the k button to place an image. In order to upload an image from your computer, please visit the Upload section, press the Browse button, choose the image to be uploaded and press the Send it to the Server button. Once the image is uploaded to the server, the Image Info section will open. Press the k button. 5. 2 How to place a link? In order to place a link on a certain website page, please visit the Web-pages section. Choose the preferred language and pass over to editing it (see Edit page content). Place the mouse pointer in the area where you would like to place a link. Choose Insert link option on the toolbar. Choose a link type in the Link type field. URL – a link to the Internet source Link to the anchor in the text – a link within the weapon E- Mail – a link to the email Choose a link protocol in the Protocol field, enter the link in the URL slot – press the k button to place it. 5. 3 How to place an image with a link? In order to place an image with a link on a certain website page, follow the steps represented in point 5. 1 before pressing the k button. Visit the Link section and enter the link to the URL field; you can choose the method of opening the link in the Target field. How to cite Manual Website Constructor, Papers

Report of Strategic Human Resources Management

Summary The report has been formulated after investigating the importance of joining a professional human resource association. The report has highlighted the importance of being in a local or an international human resource professional association.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Report of Strategic Human Resources Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are various advantages associated with joining such associations which include increasing the trading partners and networking. The report will focus on the benefits of joining such a professional association. It will put into detail the requirements for joining such a human resource professional association and the benefits that come with joining them. These include career development, networking as well as material benefits like grants and scholarships. In the introduction, the report will highlight the aspects that will be of main concern to the re port while explaining the aims and objectives of this particular report. In this case the point of concern will particularly be the importance of joining a human resources professional association and the implications to the person joining. It will also focus on the methodology used while obtaining this particular information as well as the limitations. The report has highlighted the results, discussions of the findings and finally the conclusion (Lundy 2006, p. 33). Introduction There are numerous advantages that are associated with joining a human resources professional association. They include ensuring that one remains updated on the developments that occur in this particular field.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is made possible with the help of the newsletters, journals and website updates that are done by these associations. They also organize conferences that inform members about the current developments in the various fields. There are many networking opportunities that are made available by joining such associations hence helping an individual to get new opportunities (Noe 2010, p. 65). These points have been elaborated in detain in the findings/results as well as the discussion. The methodology used in the gathering of the information for this report was mainly the secondary sources which include books, journals, newsletters and internet sources. The report also highlights the limitations that were encountered in the process of getting the relevant information. The report is aimed at finding the advantages that are associated with joining a human resources professional association whether at local or at the international level. The findings/results have then been discussed and a conclusion drawn. Methodology Secondary sources have been used in this research. Some of the materials used include; books, journals, newsletters and online s ources. The secondary sources have been used as the method is economical and there are no much expenses to be incurred. It is less cumbersome when compared to the use of primary data. It is also less time consuming when compared to the use of primary sources of data like direct interviews. It was also preferred due to the ease in comparison between the different sources. It was for instance easier to compare the advantages of joining the human resource professional association from internet sources as well as those found in newsletters and journal articles.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Report of Strategic Human Resources Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The method enhanced the understanding of the issue at hand as in-depth explanations are given. Limitations A number of limitations were encountered in this particular research. For instance, some of the sources accessed were outdated and hence coul d not factor in advantages that are associated with the current technological world, hence rendering some sources irrelevant. Some of the information particularly the online sources could not be relied upon as their origin was questionable. The author and the methodology used in gathering and analyzing the information could not be determined. In addition, some of the sources could not meet the research needs as they were not specific. Some of them for instance focused on the benefits of joining any professional association rather than focusing on the human resources professional associations. In some cases, the information found was insufficient. In addition, some of the online sources could not be accessed as they required subscription fees in order to be accessed. Results Various human resource associations were studies in this particular case and the benefits as well as shortfalls determined. They include the following; Society for Human Resource Management This is the largest hu man resources association composed of 250,000 members spread in 140 countries across the world. The association has been quite instrumental in equipping its members with the appropriate human resources skills and benefiting the human resource profession.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It has various chapters in the United States of America as well as China and India. Such an association is therefore vital in ensuring that its members are updated on the current developments in their respective professions both at local and international level. The members are able to get career or business deals in other countries as opposed to the mother country. For such an association however, it might be difficult to decide on a standard payment for its members given that they are under different conditions in the various countries. Chattered Institute of Personnel management This is a human resource professional association that received the chattered status in 2000. The association has 135,000 members and it is highly respected and recognized in the United Kingdom. Its main purpose is to enhance human resources development and equip its members and their colleagues to adhere to the required standards of human resource practices. It also helps to serve the professional intere sts of those in the association. It ensures that ideal human resources development and management standards are upheld. The association however has its own limitations. For instance, it was recently chattered, which implies that it might not be equipped with all the human resources development skills needed for the training of its members. It is based in the United Kingdom. This might simply imply that it concentrates on the human resources practices that are mainly relevant to those countries in the United Kingdom and hence ignoring other regions like Africa and Asia. The Australian Human Resource Institute This association represents human resources management professionals. It has a membership of about 12,000 people and has been operational for over 60 years. The organization has been pivotal in ensuring that its members are trained and equipped on the most effective human resource development skills. The large membership therefore enhances networking which in the long run increa ses the chances of its members to get information on the current job openings available, as well as acquire new business deals. The training that is done is quite crucial in ensuring that the members are updated on the most current human resources development strategies. It has been operational for 60 years and hence has enough experience in ensuring that its members get up to date information concerning be best human resources strategies. The association actively participates in setting standards for human resources management, offers training and ensures that its members are recognized professionally. The association also ensures that its members remain updated on the current trends in the Australian business and workforce. Through such, effective training is done and this ensures that its members remain relevant to the ever changing job markets. The association offers training on two human resource courses hence providing the qualified human resources professionals at some afford able fees which is cost effective to its members. Arabian Society for Human Resource Management The association was started with the aim of enhancing human resources management and development in the region. It helps in meeting the needs of human resources professionals within the region. This is made possible by sharing the relevant information and resources with its members within the region. This ensures that their respective organizations adhere to the required standard of performance. The membership of this association is open to students taking human resource courses as well as human resource development professionals and any person with similar objectives to those of the association. The association however has its own shortfalls, for instance, due to the fact that it is regional, it only serves the human resources interests of members within the Arab world hence not factoring in people from other regions or continent. Dubai Human Resources Forum This association was started by Human Resources Managers with the core purpose of ensuring continuous human resource development, networking as well as sharing their experiences. It targets those people with the intention of furthering their human resources development. It has a membership of 300 members who represent their respective companies across the Emirates region. It helps its members in attaining professional standard in the human resources management. It was registered as a professional body in 2002. The small number of its members however hinders it from achieving its goals as this offers limited networking and a smaller base for sharing experiences. It mainly targets the human resource managers and hence restricting its membership. The other people some of whom might be students are not allowed to join this association. It is however recognized in the United Kingdom hence offering its services beyond the region. Discussion According to the findings, there are a number of benefits that come with bein g a member of a human resources professional association. Members of such associations are advantaged since employers look for those individuals who have more than just their academic qualifications. They therefore stand a better chance of getting the available jobs unlike their counterparts who have not joined the associations. They also get firsthand information on any job opportunities in the various fields. This is made possible through the interaction that the members of these associations have. In some cases, the advertisers of the job openings are members of the associations as well. They are more likely to give priority to the members rather than the nonmembers. In some cases, the available opportunities are for members only, and this puts them at an advantage. The findings also show that such associations are quite vital in shaping a person’s career. Members are likely to identify their areas of interest and specialize. This can be attributed to the fact that the ass ociation enable an individual to increase his/her knowledge base and stays updated on the current trends in the various fields. The findings also show that the members are well networked due to the fact that they mingle with members from various fields and specialties. The findings also pointed out that managers, marketers and other influential members of multinational companies that had joined these associations played very significant roles in ensuring that their companies expanded not just locally but internationally as well. Such companies quite easily complied with the international requirements due to the exposure that these members get. Those companies or business that had their key employees in such associations were found to esteem transparency as well as high levels of accountability. According to the findings, it was also quite evident that both local and international human resource professional associations played a significant role in ensuring the harmonization of sala ries and wages to the employees in deferent countries and regions hence minimizing the disparities in the salaries and wages paid to members of the same job group. These associations have also been vital in enhancing business outsourcing. Such associations help the staff of any company or organization to know where to outsource their vital services from. Joining such associations also help the members to be informed on the new business and trading deals hence availing new opportunities for expansion. Such members can effectively manage their organizations due to the training and skills that they acquire while attending the various sessions. They are, therefore, well placed to resolve any problems encountered in these (Boxall 2007, p. 77). From the above findings it is quite evident that both local and international human resources professional association are very significant in making sure that there members are updated on the current trends in the market. The associations are quit e vital in ensuring that the members share their experiences and hence find the best ways to overcome the various challenges at the local and at the international level. They invest in employee development by training their members on the best human resources practices and this helps in ensuring that the members are well versed with the existing standards for human resources practice. Members who join some of these associations also benefit from grants and scholarships which are quite vital in equipping the members with the appropriate human resources knowledge. The associations are quite important for networking. Members from various companies, organizations and different countries come together. This makes it easier for job seekers to be linked up with their potential employers. For those interested in new business deals these associations help them to find new business contacts which are vital for the expansion of their businesses. The associations play a big role in updating the ir members concerning the new human resources development standards and hence help in ensuring their compliance. The members are informed on the existing market needs. This is made possible through the various conferences that are held, the newsletters and journals that are produced by these associations. Members, therefore, get the relevant information concerning the cheaper as well as demanding labor markets. Managers in such associations can use these information to determine the best places to open new branches or where to source there labor from. The associations help the different firms adhere to the different performance benchmarks. This is made possible by these firms sourcing qualified personnel and keeping to the required standards of human resources management (Noe 2010, p. 55). Conclusion Among the various human resources professional associations given above, the preferred association is the Society for Human Resource Management. This is because the association has a la rger membership. This is quite vital for effective networking for job seekers as well as those looking for business deals. The large membership also implies that the members gain a lot when it comes to the aspect of sharing their different experiences. The association was started in 1948, which implies that it has a better experience when it comes to aspects of human resources across the years. It is also represented in 140 countries which ensure that members across the countries share the relevant information and experiences concerning the labor markets, business deals and laws in the various countries. Joining the various human resources professional associations is quite important in many aspects. For instance, the associations help in ensuring that the members from the various organizations adhere to the standard labor laws both at the local as well as at the international level. These associations also train their members in relation to their human resources development and hen ce helping them ensure that they advance their careers. They are very important in enhancing relationships and networks. This might be at the local as well as international levels. Members of such organizations easily access new markets hence expanding their businesses not just at the local level but at the international level as well, especially those in international associations. The human resources professional associations are very significant in training their members to be efficient in their service delivery. The associations also help in ensuring the multinational firms not only comply with the local laws but also adhere to the international standards. This is made possible by training the members on the local as well international laws that govern such firms. The HR staffs are taught on the significance of focusing on the development of human resources rather than just the financial control in order to experience significant prosperity. These associations are quite critical in ensuring that the members are well informed on the current political situation in various regions and countries. This is quite vital for those members that are seeking new opportunities. A stable political environment is quite vital for the establishment of firms and hence ensuring the booming of various businesses. This in the end translates to huge profits for these firms. An unstable political climate on the other hand might not be the best for the establishment of firms. The members of these associations share there experiences and are therefore better placed to face any challenges that come with their various positions. Members who have joined such association can easily access business mergers as opposed to their colleagues who haven’t joined yet. Members of these associations also gain from grants as well as scholarships in human resources development. Some of these associations even allow students to register as members and in some cases those members that are sti ll students are offered scholarships. In some cases there are job opportunities that are advertised and only those who are members of there associations are considered. These associations however have their own shortfalls. For instance some have a small membership and therefore members do not get much experience as well as effective networking. Others are just based within particular regions and not others hence serving just a few members within those regions. In some cases however, the membership to such associations is restricted and students might not be allowed. The requirement for joining for instance might be that the person joining must be a human resources manager. This acts as a barrier to those members that are interested in joining associations but do not hold such positions. List of References Boxall, P. 2007, Strategy and Human Resource Management, London, Macmillan. Lundy, O. 2006, strategic human resources management , London, Routledge. Noe, R. 2010, ‘Employee Training and Development.’ Careers and Career Management , vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 55-65. This report on Report of Strategic Human Resources Management was written and submitted by user Kody D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ecommerce essays

Ecommerce essays Online business has become more prosperous in todays marketplace than it has been in the past, when computers were not as popular. With special software that eliminates the jobs of customer service personnel, along with new ad campaigns and e-alliances, Internet commerce continues to thrive. Even non-profit organizations benefit from the people who manipulate the Internet as a source of income. Some websites supply services that help people sell their own items; others base their websites on both the Internet and in the real world. Business to Business connections are being made between corporations and are failing repeatedly and causing many e-failures. First of all, the definition of e-commerce is any business transacted online or transactions conducted over the Internet, either by consumers purchasing goods and services, or directly between businesses. With modern and constantly improving telecommunications infrastructures, we have been provided with the means to exchange data almost instantaneously. Electronic Commerce is about using these data flows in the most effective way possible. Whether you are a multinational car manufacturer buying components from all over the world and manufacturing them in various locations, a food producer whose market depends on seasonal trends or climatic conditions, or a taxi company with a few cabs on the road, you have to ensure that the right information is available to your staff, to your clients, and to your trading partners. Some computer companies have eliminated the job of customer service clerks by using a sophisticated method developed by IBM. They call this system BELL. BELL is an interactive phone/computer based answer machine. Unlike other troubleshooting phone services, BELL answers questions specifically and diligently. Using and owning this software is expensive, but it is a huge money saver because there are fewer employees ...

Periodic Law Definition in Chemistry

Periodic Law Definition in Chemistry The Periodic Law states that the physical and chemical properties of the elements recur in a systematic and predictable way when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. Many of the properties recur at intervals. When the elements are arranged correctly, the trends in element properties become apparent and can be used to make predictions about unknown or unfamiliar elements, simply based on their placement on the table. Importance of Periodic Law Periodic Law is considered to be one of the most important concepts in chemistry. Every chemist makes use of Periodic Law, whether consciously or not, when dealing with the chemical elements, their properties, and their chemical reactions. Periodic Law led to the development of the modern periodic table. Discovery of Periodic Law Periodic Law was formulated based on observations made by scientists in the 19th century. In particular, contributions made by Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev made trends in element properties apparent. They independently proposed Periodic Law in 1869. The periodic table arranged the elements to reflect Periodic Law, even though scientists at the time had no explanation for why properties followed a trend. Once the electronic structure of atoms was discovered and understood, it became apparent the reason characteristics occurred in intervals was because of the behavior of electron shells. Properties Affected by Periodic Law The key properties that follow trends according to Periodic Law are atomic radius, ionic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and electron affinity. Atomic and ionic radius are a measure of the size of a single atom or ion. While atomic and ionic radius are different from each other, they follow the same general trend. The radius increases moving down an element group and generally decreases moving left to right across a period or row. Ionization energy is a measure of how easy it is to remove an electron from an atom or ion. This value decreases moving down a group and increases moving left to right across a period. Electron affinity is how easily an atom accepts an electron. Using Periodic Law, it becomes apparent the alkaline earth elements have a low electron affinity. In contrast, the halogens readily accept electrons to fill their electron subshells and have high electron affinities. The noble gas elements have practically zero electron affinity because they have full valence electron subshells. Electronegativity is related to electron affinity. It reflects how easily an atom of an element attracts electrons to form a chemical bond. Both electron affinity and electronegativity tend to decrease moving down a group and increase moving across a period. Electropositivity is another trend governed by Periodic Law. Electropositive elements have low electronegativities (e.g., cesium, francium). In addition to these properties, there are other characteristics associated with Periodic Law, which may be considered properties of element groups. For example, all of the elements in group I (alkali metals) are shiny, carry a 1 oxidation state, react with water, and occur in compounds rather than as free elements.

History of my immigration or how I got the new life Essay

History of my immigration or how I got the new life - Essay Example Realizing that conditions were not going to get better in Tyver, I decided that immigration to the United States would be the best course of action for finding a more suitable and rewarding lifestyle. To accomplish those goals, I completed my Russian education by attending college while also working as a data entry clerk at a local factory. Five years later, further economic disruptions caused significant changes to my stable lifestyle in the Soviet Union, causing huge financial losses through lost bank accounts, job stability, and loss of pensions in the entire family. It is next to impossible to accurately inform an individual what it feels like to not know where your next meal will come from, however this was the reality of life in the Moscow region in the early portion of the 1990’s. Hunger was a common element of lifestyle as salaries regarding work outputs were delayed not only for weeks, but for years on end, due to any variety of broad economic rationales. Realizing that I could no longer sustain myself in Russia, I began to explore alternatives, as I had a great education, but no appropriate clothing, no job, and was only 25 years old. I happened upon a newspaper advertisement which stated Change your life and earn money in the process, which was a promotion for USA jobs. A couple of days later, I made the phone call, despite being apprehensive about potentially moving to a foreign country. This singular phone call changed my life entirely. Over a period of weeks, I began to collect all of the necessary information required to travel to the United States, including a visa and a travel ticket. By June 1, 1998, I was ready to leave Russia behind to begin a new life overseas. Though I was quite nervous about making the transfer, unsure of what I would find in the U.S., I realized that there could be no looking backwards if I wanted to find a new life and experience a better quality of living. Upon arrival, I found radical differences in the social

Civilization or people Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Civilization or people - Term Paper Example This essay attempts to prove that Hannibal’s victory at the Battle of Cannae should be attributed to the Carthaginian general’s tactical brilliance, and not to mere luck (i.e. the Roman army was seriously weakened by earlier battles). If Hannibal had exploited his triumph by attacking Rome, the Roman historian Livy believes, the Romans would have been obliged to bring peace claims. However, Hannibal decided not to attack Rome at the moment. Livy believes that this judgment was the ‘salvation of the Roman state.’1 The Battle of Cannae In 217 BC, Hannibal based his army near the Adriatic coast and kept on destroying villages in southern Italy.2 Polybius recounts that Hannibal was deeply informed of the problems posed by the Italian invasion and was aware that his main predicament would be resources.3 Rome was very weak at the time because of the massive losses it sustained the year prior. Still, Rome assigned Quintus Fabius Maximus as the new leader. Because Hannibal has a mightier cavalry, Fabius rested his army in the hills in order to reverse this advantage, resorting to the attack-retreat strategy. This was shrewd and successful given the changing balance of power after the defeats at Trasimeno and Trebia4: â€Å"The Romans hovered in the vicinity of the Carthaginians, cut off stragglers and foragers, and prevented them from founding a permanent base. The strategy avoided Roman defeat and dimmed Hannibal’s glory. It successfully kept Rome’s allies from declaring for Carthage, but it aroused great opposition among Romans themselves, for their state had thrived on a tradition of offensive warfare.†5 However, this was only a brief success. Fabius tried fearlessly to attack the Carthaginians in Falernia. He made sure that Hannibal was caught off guard. That moment, seeing his position as hopeless, Hannibal brought together all the animals in his encampment. He attached flares to each of them and made them attack the Roman encampment. Fear and bewilderment followed. Masked in darkness, with terror raging in the Roman encampment, Hannibal withdrew his whole army of 70,000 soldiers without any fatality on his side.6 Fabius had successfully held back Hannibal for six months, but the Senate decided to end his tenure as commanding officer and assigned two ambassadors, Varro and Paulus. They had realized that to confront Hannibal with not enough advantage would lead to a definite tragedy. Hence, they amassed a huge army: â€Å"Rome assembled the largest army they had ever placed in the field, eighty thousand infantry, and seven thousand cavalry.†7 Hannibal passed through the Aufidus River. The river was actually a barricade in case of defeat. Hannibal planned to take advantage of this positioning to tempt the Roman army to attack. Another lure, even though unintended, was that all of the elephants of Hannibal had been wiped out. It would be a war between two remarkably trained armed forces, th e Carthaginians being outnumbered by the Roman army.8 Both the Roman and Carthaginian armies were organized in traditional order, the cavalry on both flanks and the infantry in the middle. However, Hannibal placed his less reliable Spanish and Gauls foot soldiers at the forefront, while keeping his powerful African infantry on both flanks. This worked as bait for the attacking Roman army, who attacked the Spaniards and Gauls, pushing them, just like what Hannibal had planned. As a result, the U-shaped Carthaginian formation became bowl-shaped,

Pendleton Civil Service Act :: essays research papers

Pendleton Civil Service Act Since the beginning of the government, people gained and lost their jobs whenever a new president took office. These jobs were political pay-offs for people who supported them. Many people did not take their jobs too seriously because they knew they would be out of their office soon. As Henry Clay put it, government officials after an election are "like the inhabitants of Cairo when the plague breaks out; no one knows who is next to encounter the stroke of death." Over the years the flaws that were made and the problems that resulted became more obvious. After an election you could open a newspaper and find many advertisements, which offered government jobs that were filled before the election. On January 16, 1883 the U.S. legislation established a law, which gave employment based on merit rather than on political party affiliation that leads to corruption in the government system. Widespread public demand for reform in the government was stirred after the Civil War by accusations of incompetence, corruption, and theft in federal departments. After a guy who was refused an office job that he was capable of assassinated President James A. Garfield in 1881, civil service reform became a leading issue in the elections of 1882. In January 1883, Congress passed a comprehensive civil service bill sponsored by Senator George H. Pendleton, providing for the open selection of government employees and guaranteeing the right of citizens to compete for federal jobs without regard to politics, religion, race, or national origin. The new law covered only about 10 percent of the positions in the federal government, but nearly every president after Chester A. Arthur, who signed the bill in to law, broadened its scope. By 1980 more than 90 percent of federal employees were protected by the act. The Pendleton Civil Service Act classified certain jobs, removed them from the ranks, and set up a Civil Service Commission to oversee a system based on merit and not political stance. The commission draws up the rules governing examinations for those positions that Congress places in the classified civil service.

Psychological Factors: Axis of Healthcare Setting Essay

Even as the development of medical science and the technology of its instruments have taken modern healthcare system to a state-of-the-art height, the effective management of psychological factors still prove to be the axis of healthcare, where human touch and a thorough understanding of psychology are bare essentials to complement its other part. The medical science too admits it and accordingly various disciplines of study have come up to understand the finer details of human psychology that are entwined with the overall healing process. Thus this essay explores the necessity and scope of health psychology, besides its inherent elements that have bearings in healing process, before reaching its conclusion. What is Health Psychology? Bio-psycho-social factors create a lot of impact on our health and well-being. Health psychology studies those impacts with an aim to eliminate the negative elements in bio-psycho-social factors besides incorporating the positive ones. Accordingly it encompasses areas like stress, coping strategies, perception of pain, personality determinants of health etc. besides the immune response to stress (psychoneuroimmunology). Therefore, health psychology altogether covers a vast area of study and observation on human behavior, where it probes personality variables or traits and social environment before linking one’s impact on the other – as for example, whether stress in a person could lead to minor or major ailments, ranging from cold to cancer. In all, health psychology works on the interaction between physiological and the psychological system. Accordingly, â€Å"biopsychosocial paradigm of health based on a bi-directional model (Knight & Carnic, 2004), propelled by the concept that health psychology can be instrumental in detection and alleviation of disease, as there is a strong coordination between body and mind. Even the World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes it significance and in fact lamented that this area of healthcare needs more thrust, where it could forge a â€Å"new alliance between mental and physical health disciplines† (WHO, 1997). From this perspective, there is tremendous scope of development in the field of health psychology, as it a dynamic subject with a plethora of variable factors, which constantly hint on thousand of probabilities. How It Works While any illness is bound to create an emotional impact on the patients, the caregivers too cannot escape such effects. Thus coping with illness requires mental efforts from everyone involved in the proceedings. A study conducted over 150 patients affected with various forms of psoriasis identified the â€Å"existence of psychic stress in 69% of all cases†, which, with the â€Å"involvement of a Liaison psychiatrist† proved to be immensely important towards their cure (Simonic et al. , 2000). Besides these, there are ethical and practical consideration too command in-depth understanding of psychological factors that stand between illness and effective care – especially when the severity of illness can inject pessimism in the patients or when patients’ erratic behavior under circumstance can influence the caregivers’ behavior. Patients can emotionally be vulnerable due to physical conditions, and that can heavily influence their personality traits; in such situations, application of empathy and respect from the healthcare professionals’ side can help to restore the situation. Therefore, appropriate knowledge on health psychology can equip the caregivers for such situations. Significance of Psychoneuroimmunology Popularly known as PNI, psychoneuroimmunology deals with the interactions among behavior, brain and the immune system, aiming at determining its potential for mediating the effects of psychosocial factors in illness and disease. The significance of PNI can be understood from a single fact that stress alone carries the possibility of 68 diseases, most of which are deadly. This state of affairs definitely commands a thorough view of health from the biopsychosocial perspective of health to counter stress. A brief description of stress would be pertinent here to further explain the significance of psychological factors in healthcare. Stress, the Dreaded Menace  Hans Selye proposed one of the most acclaimed definitions of stress in 1926, in which he said, â€Å"Stress is the non-specific response of the body to any demand placed upon it† (14 Day, 1991). He observed that stress stems out from the situations where humans face external changes or demands. This definition clearly indicates that no one can escape the influence of stress, as human life constantly faces such situations. This also clears the deck that external influence on humans will stay all along and thus biopsychosocial factors are embedded with any health problem. If stress is now considered to be â€Å"an excessive or inappropriate activation of the body’s fight-or-flight response† (14 Day, 1991), then it has to be given its due importance in sphere of healthcare, where it should be armed with adequate knowledge about how stress can aggravate the health problems and how it can be diffused. That is where â€Å"Psychoneuroimmunology† steps in, delving deep into the relationship between the immune system and brain and observing the outcomes of its chemistry. Psychoneuroimmunology and Healthcare  According to PNI, â€Å"every part of our immune system is connected to the brain in some way, be it via a direct nervous tissue connection, or by the common chemical language of neuro-peptides and hormones†, where it suggests that the immune system, â€Å"which keeps us free from external invaders besides maintaining internal homoeostasis, is sensitive to outside influences† (Kooker, 2001). This is substantiated by the fact that chemicals secrete in the brain in response to mental-emotional processing like moods and feelings. PNI was accepted as a new discipline in Yale University as early as in 1977, though then it was known as Behavioral Medicine, an outcome of the realization about its significance towards providing total therapeutic solution to patients. Boiling down to its simplest possible form, PNI collects healthy habits that can enhance the power of immunity in humans. This speaks of its broad range of activities, where it weighs the biopsychosocial factors to reach at the core of the health problem. In fact PNI provides much needed attention on the dynamics of body-mind interactions where it acknowledges the fact that â€Å"our brains secrete hormones in response to our thoughts† (Lorraine, 2003). Thoughts Hold the Key The discoveries through PNI have proved that it healthcare cannot afford to keep psychological factors out of consideration. It has shown that thoughts, no matter where it comes from outside or from the subconscious, can heavily influence the body condition. Alongside, researches to this direction have been able to bring out the positive application of thought. Thus the benefits of PNI have already been established. As for example, Neuroscientist Andrew Newberg of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has able to determine the brain regions that respond to meditation, besides identifying the stress zones under duress (Lorraine, 2003). Findings like these would surely help in both enhancing immunity and preventing stress, as new techniques in stress management have already been stemming out of these findings. Benefits of Transcendental Meditation  Aligned to the progress of PNI as stated above, several techniques of thought regulation or control have been doing rounds. As for example, transcendental meditation has been found to produce a very beneficial state to human body, where it reduces blood pressure, respirator rate, oxygen consumption, blood flow to skeletal muscles, perspiration and muscle tension (Lorraine, 2003). This clearly shows that psychological factors are embedded with well being and in no way they can be kept outside the periphery of routine healthcare system. Physician’s Viewpoint â€Å"We must work as psychologists to erase the line between health and mental health in research, practice, and public policy†, says Norine Gl Johnson, the former president of American Psychological Association in 2001. In her presentation at prestigious Psi Chi Distinguished Lecture she clearly points out the necessity of intertwining health and psychology, where â€Å"educators must be at the forefront of presenting to students and future psychologists the latest in psychology health research and health practices† (Johnson, 2002). Nancy’s words only corroborates the age-old vision that medical treatment cannot be provided without the help of psychology, because psychological factors are the integral part of both illness and well being. Discussion On one hand the researchers have proved the deep impact of psychological factors on both patients and caregivers, while the discoveries regarding the efficacy of new techniques stemming out of modern research and study on biopsychosocial factors clearly show that they are no less potent tools towards managing illness as well as fostering well being. The negative impact of stress or the positive influence of transcendental meditation as cited by studies above amply proves this fact. Accordingly, these facts have already been doing rounds in social and academic circles, thereby convincing people about the impact of psychological factors on both illness and well being. This state of affairs virtually makes it impossible for any healthcare setting to do without any provision of measuring psychological factors involved in any illness. Besides this, the healthcare professionals too would be interested to be equipped with adequate knowledge and application techniques of psychotherapies, which would, in a way, work as their own shields against job stress associated with care giving. Conclusion Evidences show that psychological factors have great bearing on illness and its healing, thereby automatically qualifying them to occupy an important part in the healthcare setting. Going by the experts’ opinion, it can be said that recognition of psychological factors in healthcare setting would not be an encroachment in the domain of conventional healthcare, but would be the advent of a new horizon in its sphere, where it would add tremendous value to the healthcare processes. Therefore, psychological factors form the axis of healthcare in modern day setting, in spite of the presence of state-of-the-art gadgets and availability of effective medicines.

Analysis Of The Article Digibabble, Fairy Dust And The...

In the essay â€Å"Digibabble, Fairy Dust and the Human Anthill,† Tom Wolfe presents a compelling argument about the way convergence is present in many different forms in our lives.The main idea of his argument is of convergence, which is basically defined as the constant change needed to adapt to one s environment. He manages to connect each aspect of his essay with every idea that he presents, making his argument not only sound but valid as well. Wolfe uses evolution as a visual example of the continuous changes occurring in the world. It makes one think about what influences the changes in our world today. Not only does Wolfe use sound logic to make his argument strong, but he also invokes emotion to draw the reader hoping to open up their mind. Overall, Wolfe presents a very valid and supported argument, though there are some doubts due to the age gap between the audiences his argument still remains valid. In the first example, Wolfe uses the American artists in the Ja panese museum The artists were surprised to see that their work was considered to be from the â€Å"Manual Age†. The Japanese students and the digital artwork of that time had surpassed the traditional drawings from the artists. This is a prime example of our world being ever-changing, especially in the area of technological advances. [H]undreds of young Japanese staring at them from the auditorium seats saw them not as visionaries on the cutting edge . . . but as wooly old mammoths who had